The key weather and climate features in the northern hemisphere in December 2015
Air temperature
December 2015 proved to be a very warm one in Russia. In the whole European territory, Siberia and Altai almost every day were established record values of daily maximum air temperature. In the first decade of the month the average temperature in the south of Siberia exceeded the norm by 12-16°C, not far below the anomaly have been here in the second decade and only the third - the cold air from the eastern regions of the country came over. In Central Russia in December the thermometer rose to near 10°C of heat. Only in the east, the whole month was colder than usual. Eastern regions of Yakutia, Kolyma, Chukotka and Kamchatka experienced the frost of 50°C. As a result, in general, over the last month the average temperature in the south of Siberia were higher than the norm by 8-10°C, on European territory by 4-6°C. At the same time, in the northeast of the country they fell short of standardd by about 1-2°C. In the Volga region it was the warmest December in history, and in Central Russia - the second warmest. The distribution and size of the anomalies of mean temperature for December in the territory of Russia are very similar with the December two years ago. The only difference is that in the place of the current cold weather in the northeast of the country in December 2013 there, so as in Siberia, were large positive anomalies in temperature (+ 10°C). Therefore, December 2013 is the warmest in the annals of Russia, while December 2015 only rounded out the top five warmest.
The key weather and climate features in the northern hemisphere in November 2015
Air temperature
In November, the average temperature in Russia was close to normal. However, it changes during the month were uneven. So if in the European territory on each decade the average temperature was above normal, after a large positive anomalies of the first decade in the Urals and Siberia (up to +5 ... + 7°C), in the second decade a strong cold snap occurred (anomalies to -4 ... -10°C), while in the third - here again it was warm (anomaly up to + 4 ... + 8°C), with the exception of Trans-Baikal, which still held the abnormal cold. In the Far East, the heat of the first decade gave way to the cold in second and third. Especially in the Kamchatka and Chukotka, where the average decade temperature was below the norm by 4-6°C. Strong warming took place in the European territory of Russia in the last week of the month. In the Black Earth, the Middle Volga and the Lower Volga were recorded daily maximum temperatures. In the south, in the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov Region the thermometer rose to summer values of +20 ... 25°C. At the same time, in Yakutia, Irkutsk Region and Trans-Baikal frosts reached -45°C, which is typical for the middle of winter, but not fall. During all month, the weather was very warm in the Russian North and the Arctic islands. As a result, the average temperature in November in the Russian sector of the Arctic exceeded the norm by 4-12°C. In the fight against heat and cold in the Southern Urals and southern Siberia and Kamchatka the cold won. Here, the average temperature for the month was less than the norm by 1-3°C.