MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF AUGUST 2025
Air Temperature
After a hot weather anomaly in July, a gradual cooling came to the ETR with the beginning of August. In the first decade, it happened in the Central and partially the Southern Federal Districts, whereas in the north, the Volga region and the Caucasus, a moderate heat persisted still: there, the decade-averaged temperature anomalies reached +2…4° or more degrees. New temperature maxima were recorded on the Kola Peninsula, in Novaya Zemlya and in the North Caucasus, but soon, the weather there became cold as well.
In the second decade, heat was lacking almost in the entire ETR. The decade-averaged temperature anomalies in Central Russia reached -2.0…-2.5°. The weather was warmer than usual in the extreme north of the ETR only, but the colds reached even there in the third decade. Anomalies in Karelia and in the Leningrad Region amounted to -2°; sometimes, the thermometer readings dropped below zero, and new daily temperature minima were recorded. Temperatures in Central Russia and in the Volga region were subnormal still, and approached there normal values in the south only.
In the northern Urals and Siberia, the weather was abnormally hot all over the month, with the normal temperature values exceeded by 3-5° or more in each decade, and new air temperature maxima recorded repeatedly. In Norilsk and Dickson, this August was the warmest in the history of observations, and in the Arctic islands of the Kara Sea, multiple temperature maxima were measured. There, the temperature exceeded +25°. In the south of Siberia, the weather in the first decade was noticeably colder than usual, ending up with frosts and new temperature minima in some places.
MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF JULY 2025
Air temperature
Cold air that spread over the Russian Plain in the second half of June retained its positions at the beginning of July, but now in the north of the ETR and in the Volga region only, whereas in the south, abnormal heat arrived (with the first decade anomalies of +2…3° or higher), creating new temperature maxima in Central Russia and Crimea at the end of the first decade. In the second decade, the heat strengthened to even greater extent: the normal values for the decade were exceeded by 2-4° almost in the entire ETR, and new temperature maxima were recorded in the Azov region, New Russia and the Rostov Region in the south, in the Ivanovo, Ryazan and Vladimir Regions in the centre, and in the Leningrad Region, the Republic of Karelia and the White Sea coast in the north-west. The weather remained exceedingly hot in the third decade, when temperature maxima were updated from the Kola Peninsula to the North Caucasus, including the Leningrad and Murmansk Regions, Karelia, the North Caucasian Republics, Crimea, the Zaporozhye and Kherson Regions, the Krasnodar Territory, etc. However, in the north of the ETR, frosts already started to appear: light frosts were observed in the north-east of the Komi Republic.
In the Urals, the abnormally warm weather of the first decade changed to cool or even abnormally cold one in the next days of the month. At times, the cold permeated to Siberia and to the Far East, but did not reach record-breaking low temperatures there, with the exception of Chukotka where new temperature minima were set in the second decade. In contrast, there were many records of warmth on Sakhalin, in the Khabarovsk Territory on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, in the Altai Territory or the Republics of Altai and Tyva in the south of Siberia, and in Yakutia. High positive temperature anomalies were measured in the second half of the month in Yakutia, in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory, in the Amur region, in Primorye and on Sakhalin.
As a result, the average temperature in July 2025 turned out to be close to normal. The normal values were notably exceeded in the south of the ETR only (with +2° or higher anomalies). In the North-Caucasian Federal District, this July was the second warmest in the history of observations; there, the monthly-averaged temperature was higher in July 2024 only. The temperature averages in Primorye and on Sakhalin were also two or more degrees higher than normal.