MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHEN HEMISPHERE AS OF NOVEMBER 2019
Air Temperature
At the beginning of November, warm Atlantic breath was still perceived in the central, eastern and southern ETR regions. In the first decade, the temperature maxima were often surpassed in many locations of the central areas, Volga District, Rostov Region, Kuban and Crimea. The decade-averaged temperatures exceeded the normal values by 3-6° or even more: the farther to the south, the larger the anomalies. There and than, the weather was cold in the Russian North only (with the anomalies of -1…-2°).
In the second decade, abnormal heat spread around to invade almost the entire European territory of the country save its near-polar regions, and the record-breaking heat was then observed not only in the Central and the Southern Russia, but also in the north-west of Karelia, in the Leningrad Region and in the Pskov Region as well.
At the beginning of the third decade, the weather suddenly changed its mood and became much colder in the centre of Russia. There, the Arctic air brought night frosts as cold as -8…-12° resulting in sub-normal decade-averaged air temperatures. Conversely, the north of the ETR received abnormal heat, and the air temperature in the third decade exceeded its normal value by 2-6° or more.
MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHEN HEMISPHERE AS OF OCTOBER 2019
Air Temperature
Cold weather that invaded the ETR at the end of September lasted there for the whole first decade of October. The temperature background to the north-west of Moscow remained below normal, with -1…-2° anomalies in some places. At the same time, the temperature to the south of the capital was generally balancing close to the normal value, and sometimes even reached new record-breaking maxima in the Crimea.
Further on, the temperature close to the normal value or below it persevered in the Russian North only, while the rest of the ETR exhibited large heat anomalies (up to +4…5° and more). Until the end of the month, new unprecedented maxima of air temperatures were reported in the Central, Volga and Southern Federal Districts. This October was the warmest one in Central Russia since 1967, and its average temperature occupies the 4th place in the list of highest values recorded in the meteorological chronicle since 1891.